立法实施后评估既是《立法法》新增的制度设计,也是新时代提高立法质量的题中之义,尤其伴随设区市获得立法权后,如何进行立法后评估变成了重大的理论和实践议题。立法后评估的方法论往往关涉立法路径以及路径指导下的具体方法,也即立法后评估价值判断或事实判断路径的选择,从根本上决定着评估方法的权衡运用;然单一的路径选择都无法从根本上解决立法后评估问题,涵摄理论分析和实证分析相统一的综合立法后评估便成了应有的路径选择,重构从合法性评估、合理性评估、规范性(技术性)评估、可操作性评估到实效性评估的方法体系也便成为综合路径选择之下的应有之义。
<<Post-implementation assessment of legislation is not only a new system design of the Legislation Law,but also the meaning of improving the quality of legislation in the new era. Especially with the legislative power of the district-divided cities,how to conduct post-legislative evaluation has become a major theoretical and practical issue. The methodology of post-legislative assessment is often related to the legislative path and the specific methods guided by the path. That is to say,the choice of the path of value judgment or fact judgment of post-legislation assessment determines the balance application of evaluation method fundamentally. However,the choice of a single path can not fundamentally solve the problem of post-legislation evaluation,so the comprehensive post-legislative assessment which incorporates theoretical analysis and empirical analysis has become the proper path choice. Therefore,it is necessary to reconstruct the method system from legitimacy evaluation,rationality evaluation,normative(technical)evaluation,operability evaluation to effectiveness evaluation under the comprehensive path selection.
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