Medical Dispute has become an important issue affecting social stability，which has attracted the attention of both the government and the public. Since the reform and opening up，China has been promoting the gradual improvement of the relevant laws on the prevention and handling of medical disputes，and has initially constructed a diversified legal framework for the prevention and handling of medical disputes. By sorting out and analyzing the relevant laws，regulations，judicial interpretations，normative documents and the progress of the rule of law in China from 1986 to 2020，this article looks forward to the improvement of the social governance system for the prevention and resolution of medical disputes and joint establishment，governance and sharing in the future.