At the United Nations General Assembly，China proposed that carbon dioxide emissions should reach the peak before 2030，and strive to achieve “carbon neutrality” before 2060. Carbon peaking and carbon neutrality not only affects China’s green economic recovery，high-quality development，and leads the direction of global economic and technological change，but also has important significance for protecting the earth’s ecology and promoting international cooperation in response to climate change. As an important ecological security barrier in China，Qilian Mountain plays a important ecological function in many aspects，such as water conservation，climate regulation，carbon fixation and oxygen release，water and soil conservation，and biological protection. It is an excellent platform for building a carbon neutral demonstration area. Qilian Mountain，as an important ecological security barrier in China，is an excellent platform for building a carbon neutral demonstration area，and plays a important ecological function in many aspects，such as water conservation，climate regulation，carbon fixation and oxygen release，water and soil conservation，and biological protection. This article takes the Qilian Mountain National Nature Reserve in Gansu Province as a research target，and focuses on the analysis of the forest resource profile，forest biomass and carbon storage in the Qilian Mountain Reserve. Based on the role and opportunities of forest carbon sinks in the context of peak carbon neutrality，relevant countermeasures and suggestions have been put forward. Qilian Mountain forest is dominated by middle-aged forests. In the future，the carbon sink potential of forest in Qilian Mountains is still very large，which will play a vital role in the smooth realization of the carbon neutral goal of the province’s carbon peak. It is recommended to further improve the Qilian Mountain monitoring network，carry out regional carbon monitoring and evaluation pilots，and give play to the demonstration effect of tackling climate change and implementing the “dual carbon target”. In addition，it is necessary to actively explore the establishment of a system and mechanism for realizing the value of ecological products，continue to do a good job in environmental protection of Qilian Mountains，and promote the green and high-quality development of Qilian Mountains.