CNPC is a large state-owned energy enterprise group in China. This section takes CNPC as the research object，and reviews its development process and the current situation of internationalization under the Belt and Road initiative. Then we focus on analyzing the development motivation of CNPC internationalization and the key factors of internationalization under the Belt and Road initiative. Finally，we provide some prospects and suggestions for Chinese enterprises to respond to the Belt and Road initiative and carry out international operation. We found that the international energy security situation and China’s energy security situation are the important reasons for the internationalization development of CNPC. The Belt and Road initiative provides a good opportunity for CNPC to deepen its international operations. The key factors of CNPC serving the Belt and Road initiative and realizing international development strategy are to build brand advantage，pay attention to the dynamic deployment of diversified interactive strategy and cultivate enterprise culture.