This paper investigates primary and secondary school students in Shaanxi province by means of questionnaire survey and discussion. A total of 897 valid questionnaires were distributed. This survey focuses on primary and secondary school students’ legal knowledge，the form of the rule of law education，students’ willingness to receive the rule of law education，and their awareness. There are some problems in the youth rule of law education in Shaanxi Province. For example，the lack of personnel and funds，formalization of teaching process，inaccurate content positioning，incomplete system，the content of drug control education and safety education is equal to the education of the rule of law，the education of the rule of law is limited to the prevention of juvenile delinquency，relatively single form of education and other problems. Therefore，it is necessary to establish a leadership mechanism，optimize the allocation of rights and responsibilities，strengthen the assessment of work，improve the quality of teaching，optimize and perfect the education content，construct a three-dimensional education classroom including family，school and society，and innovate teaching methods and propaganda means.