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    2020年澳门公共财政透明情况的现状与展望

    摘要

    本文旨在运用国际货币基金组织制定的《财政透明手册》,对澳门公共财政透明情况进行评估,发现特区政府发布的财务报告、财政预算大致符合覆盖性、完整性、有序性等国际标准;发布频率合适且具有及时性;财政风险和管理尤其是大型资本性支出的信息发布相对较为一般,显示澳门特区政府具有较高程度的财政透明度。但是,特区政府财务报告的覆盖性、完整性、预算编制以及财政风险信息发布还可进一步提升和优化。本报告提出了四点建议:一是公共企业纳入《预算纲要法》的规范对象;二是引入中期预算框架,充分运用宏观经济预测数据和过往财政收支数据,对预算收支规模做科学评估;三是加强财务风险和管理的信息发布,尤其是大型资本性项目前期研究等信息;四是运用大数据和宣传等手段,鼓励公众参与预算编制,推动澳门市民了解公共会计和相关信息。

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    Abstract

    This article aims to analyse Macau’s fiscal transparency by using the International Monetary Fund’s Fiscal Transparency Code. Macau’s public fiscal reports and budgets generally meet the international standards related to coverage,comprehensiveness and orderliness. Furthermore,the reports and budgets were also published in a frequent,regular and timely manner. Risk disclosure and management,especially the release of information of capital projects,is moderate. Public fiscal transparency is generally high. However,there is still room for improvement on the coverage and comprehensiveness of fiscal reports,disclosure of budget formulation as well as risk management. Four suggestions are proposed:public enterprises should be included in the scope of the Budget Framework Law,medium-term budgetary frameworks should be introduced to make fuller use of macroeconomic forecast and previous fiscal revenue and expenditure for a scientific prediction on the scale of budget revenue and expenditure. The release of information related to fiscal risk and management,especially preliminary studies on large-scale capital projects,should also be enhanced. Big data and dissemination should also be applied to encourage public participation in budget formulation process.

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    作者简介
    何伟鸿:何伟鸿,中国人民大学公共管理学博士,澳门基金会技术员,研究方向:公共财政与公共政策、公共预算。
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