Under the background of rural revitalization and ecological civilization construction，the issue of rural ecological civilization construction came into being. First，this paper sorts out the decision-making and deployment of rural water environment governance since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in terms of establishing long-term governance mechanisms，improving laws and regulations，building ecological projects，optimizing rural spatial layout，building talent teams，and encouraging social capital participation. Then，this paper selects rural water environment governance practices in typical regions，and sorts out the measures and paths for actively carrying out rural water environment governance in various regions. Finally，this paper puts forward the experience and inspiration of China’s rural water environment governance under the background of ecological civilization construction，and provides countermeasures and suggestions for the promotion of rural water environment management.