Since the 18th National Congress of Chinese Communist Party，especially during the 13th Five-Year Plan period，remarkable achievements have been made in controlling water pollution of surface water in various basins. Surface water environmental quality has been significantly improved. The main experience includes promoting policies by senior leadership and taking full responsibility at each level，intensifying supervision and offering assistance to where it is needed，insisting on the principal line of monitoring quality control，making concerted efforts and joint management to enhance coordination and contribution at different levels，taking accurate policies and strategies through problem-orientated method，adjusting measures to local conditions and treating the pollution systematically，as well as strengthening disclosure of government information and public participation in environmental protection and management. There’re still many problems of water ecological environment protection at present. For instance，the improvement of surface water environment quality is unbalanced and uncoordinated，water resource is distributed unevenly and high water consumption mode has not been transformed fundamentally，the destruction of water ecological environment is quite common，water ecological environment security risk still exists，and also the governance system and modernization of capability do not match the needs of development. In order to achieve the goal of building a beautiful China，water ecological environment protection measures need to be taken unceasingly in three aspects. Environmental pollution should be precisely curbed and the battle against water pollution in major basins should be thoroughly fighted. Water resources，water ecology and water environment should be overall managed，and water ecological environment protection and modification in major basins should be forcefully promoted. Serial measures should be taken to promote governance and modernization capability of water ecological environment.