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双循环
针对2020年3～5月的第一波严重疫情，英国政府采取了包括封城、限制聚集、保持社交距离在内的严格防疫措施。2020年7～9月，英国感染新冠病毒的人数大幅下降，疫情似乎得到了控制。然而，自2020年10月到2021年3月的半年时间里，英国感染新冠病毒的人数急剧反弹，出现更加严重的第二波疫情。2021年4～5月，新冠肺炎确诊病例又有了大幅下降。随着英国疫苗接种率的提高、疫情的逐渐缓解以及英国社会要求尽早解禁的呼声日益高涨，英国政府决定于2021年6月解除封城令，随后又推迟到7月19日。一年多来，起起伏伏的新冠肺炎疫情和英国政府严格的疫情防控措施给英国社会的方方面面带来了很大的影响和冲击：500多万人感染新冠病毒和13万人死亡对英国国民健康服务系统正常运作的影响；停工停产对经济的影响；保障就业和工人工资收入对政府财政的影响；封城令和限制聚集与社交对英国旅游、餐饮和文化娱乐等行业的影响。随着疫苗接种的普及以及7月19日封禁令的解除，英国社会将会逐渐回到”正常“状态。尽管解除封禁后新增感染病例数呈现先升后降的趋势，但每日感染人数仍然上万，开放后流动性增强和德尔塔变异毒株与潜在的其他变异是两个最大的不确定因素。在未来的一年里，英国国民恐怕不得不接受与新冠病毒共存。
<<In view of the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the period of March to May 2020，the British government adopted strict pandemic prevention measures，including lockdown，restricting aggregation and keeping social distance. As a result，the number of people infected with COVID-19 in the UK dropped sharply in the period of July to September 2020，and the pandemic seemed to be brought under control. However，from October 2020 to March 2021，the number of people infected with COVID-19 in the UK rebounded drastically，showing a more serious second wave of pandemic. In April and May 2021，confirmed cases experienced considerable drop again. Considering the growing vaccination rate in the UK，the gradual mitigation of the pandemic and the voice of the British society calling for lifting lockdown as soon as possible，the British government decided to lift the lockdown order in June 2021，and then postponed it to July 19. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the strict prevention and control measures adopted by the British government have had great impact on all aspects of the British society over the past year，including the results of about 5 million people infected with COVID-19 and 130，000 deaths，the enormous pressure on the NHS，and the consequence of the shutdown on British economy，particularly the huge financial burden of the furlough pay scheme on the government. Impacts of lockdown and restrictions on aggregation and socializing activities are also obvious on tourism，hotel and catering，culture and entertainment industries in the UK. With the increase of vaccination rate and the lifting of lockdown on 19 July 2021，British society is expected to gradually return to a “normal” state. Although the number of new infection cases increased before decreasing after the lifting of the lockdown，the number of infections per day is still tens of thousands. The mobility after the lifting and the Delta variant and other possible variants are the two biggest uncertain factors in the future. In the forthcoming year of 2022，Britons will still have to live with COVID-19.
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