Based on comparative study from international experience and historic perspective，it is found that the regular pattern to promote the population dispersal in mega-cities is to adjust urban functions，integrate transportation，attach equal importance to dispersal and undertaking functions in different regions，and establish a unified dynamic regional coordination mechanism. However，unilateral dispersal population policy will cause “inner city problems” in the central urban area，and the excessive dispersion of regional functions could reduce the economic growth efficiency of urban’s core areas，which goes against the objective pattern of labor force migration into high economic density areas. Population scale control and population structure optimization are the basic variables that affect the high-quality development of large cities. China’s urban development needs to deal with two important relationships，which is，the relationship between the policy guidance of coordinating mechanism caused by the large city and the economic law of population migration，and the relationship between natural carrying capacity and economic carrying capacity，it’s necessary to realize the positive effect of agglomeration force from large cities，improve the management ability in cities，accelerate the Hukou reform in mega-cities，and further reduce the migration barriers in large cities，explore the residence registration system in the mature metropolitan area，clarify the matching mechanism between “cumulative time of urbanization” in the metropolitan area and the public service qualification right in the core city. Besides，it’s also significant to establish the microcirculation renewal mechanism in the urban core area，and promote the urban culture inheritance and the reuse of urban space after the dispersal policy with the historical protection district in the metropolitan area，it’s necessary to strengthen the balance between work and housing，combine the market timely with government force in the new city construction，and correspondingly improve the industrial system，public services and living facilities in the new city，which could help the new city gradually form a stable population agglomeration force.