This article elaborates the time and space distribution，operation mode，cooperation period，return mechanism and other industry patterns of water conservancy PPP projects based on the storage situation of the project management database of the comprehensive information platform of the Ministry of Finance. After years of development，the participation of social capital in water conservancy PPP projects has continued to increase. Public-private partnership has played its due role in investment and financing mechanism innovation，poverty alleviation，bolstering areas of weakness in water conservancy projects，and smart water conservancy construction. Public-private partnership has improved the supply capacity of infrastructure and public services and reduced the government’s construction investment burden and investment risk because of the full use of social funds. The construction of water conservancy projects in China has the characteristics of public welfare，with limited returns and long deadlines. While Public-private partnership has achieved initial results，there are also corresponding difficulties and problems. In accordance with the problem orientation，this article puts forward related countermeasures and suggestions to promote the smooth implementation of water conservancy PPP projects，such as promoting water prices reform，emphasize performance evaluation，strengthen demand management，improving the exit strategy，forecasting cash flow reasonably，improving the policy environment and so on.