This year is the closing stage of the Twelfth Five Year Plan and the preliminary stage of the Thirteenth Five Year Plan for China’s social and economic development. In general，the economic growth has been stabilized with significant achievement on structural adjustment. The GDP growth rate for the whole year remains at about 7%. In the area of social construction，development quality is given more emphasis than development velocity. The regular residents of urban population have exceeded 55%，with the promotion of comprehensive reform on the Hukou Registration System. The employment situation remains stable，and the employment structure has been optimized. Income growth rate of residents keeps rising，and the income and wealth distribution structure has been improved. The consumer index falls back with higher level of residents’ consumption. The national fiscal expenditure keeps the preference towards the areas of social welfare and social security system construction. The establishment of modern social governance has been strengthened with the expansion of social organizations. However，during the social and economic development，there are many risks and challenges which should be addressed.