In the strategic context of “One Belt and One Road”，the relevant economic cooperation in the field of bio pharmaceutical industry has great space for win-win cooperation，however，there are still many problems in the field of biological medicine industry in terms of implementing intellectual property protection. To this end，this paper takes the Sichuan biological medicine industry as the object，particularly analyzing the necessity，current situation，problems，opportunities and challenges in the protection of intellectual property in biological pharmaceutical industry in the context. At the same time，it also introduces the main economic entities in the area of “One Belt and One Road”. On this basis，this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the protection of intellectual property rights in the biological medicine industry in Sichuan Province.