The protection and development of the ethnic minority’s intangible cultural heritage is mutually influenced and interrelated. A reasonable development mode for this culture is beneficial to enhance the transmission and influence of the ethnic minorities. However，some areas have caused seriously damage to the authenticity of intangible cultural heritage of the ethnic minorities，because of the improper operation and other factors. The article takes the Tu-jia minority in the western region of Hubei Province for example to research the interactive relationship of protection and exploitation of minorities’s intangible cultural heritage，and provides some suggestions to sustainable development.