2015年5月国务院提出“中国制造2025”战略,广州也出台了大量与智能制造相关的政策。本文分析了广州智能制造给工人就业带来的主要影响:机器替代人、工人数量减少;工作环境改善;用工结构改变,劳动力市场出现两极化特征等。对企业方面的影响则包括:管理成本降低;管理方式变更为系统化管理;企业在员工培训上投入更多,内部劳动力市场发展。针对这些现状,本文提出了相应的政策建议:政府在制定智能制造的相关政策时,应当更多地考虑到智能制造的社会影响,解决工人的失业问题;加大技能培训的投入;加强对工人权益的保护;对智能制造所带来的新的企业管理方式进行规范。
<<The state council puts forward the strategy of Made in China 2025,Guangzhou also puts forward many policies about the intelligent manufacturing. This paper will use Guangzhou as a case to analyze the main influence of intelligent manufacturing on the employment of workers. Firstly,the number of workers decreases because intelligent manufacturing replaces workers with robots. Secondly,it improves the condition of work. Thirdly,it changes the labor market' structure and the labor market becomes polarization. It brings changes to the enterprise too. The cost of management decreases. The mode of management also becomes digitalized and intelligent. At last,the internal labor market develops when companies spend more money on the training system. This paper gives some policy advice according to the investigation. When the government makes relevant policies,it should take the social influence into account. Firstly,it should solve the unemployment problem of workers. Secondly,it should provide workers with more skill training. Thirdly,it should improve the protection for workers' rights. At last,it should standardize new ways of enterprise management.
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