Overseas Chinese Affairs face several new opportunities and challenges because of the rise of China and the proposal for the Belt and Road（B&R）. The first challenge comes from the continuous increase of New Immigration in China. The number has surpassed ten million，and has made a great impact on the international political and economy，as well as the Chinese community and Overseas Chinese Affairs. Once the New Immigration take up residence in overseas countries as new Chinese immigrants，the various new tasks derived from this situation become the focus for new Overseas Chinese Affairs. This does not mean that new Overseas Chinese Affairs will neglect traditional Overseas Chinese，but to view them with a broader perspective. This paper will use Southeast Asian Overseas Chinese as an example to show the changes in traditional Overseas Chinese community.

Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian experienced the Cold War and the establishment of the Nation state during post-World World II. In recent years，they faced the new situation of the rise of China as well as the proposal for the B&R. The shift in the “Chineseness” and self-identification of Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asian is both complicated and subtle. This calls for more caution and flexibility when dealing with the Overseas Chinese Affairs of traditional Overseas Chinese community. The merchant class is an essential part of the Chinese community，and Chinese and Western academia place a great deal of importance on the issue of Chinese entrepreneur economic network. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between Chinese entrepreneur economic network and new Overseas Chinese Affairs，and to compare as well as to draw from the experience of “Taiwanese entrepreneur economic network” to provide new viewpoints on new Overseas Chinese Affairs. Lastly，the idea of “People-to-peoplebond” from the B&R is the main concept for Public Diplomacy，which aims to develop a wider scope for Overseas Chinese Affairs. “Diaspora Diplomacy” is an opportunity for new Overseas Chinese Affairs to specialize and display coordination function.