党的十九大提出“双支柱调控框架”后,《关于完善系统重要性金融机构监管的指导意见》提出加强宏观审慎监管,明确了系统重要性金融机构的定义和范畴,并规定了评价流程和总体方法。本报告根据监管要求,从证券机构规模、关联性、可替代性、复杂性和资产变现等方面,建立了证券公司系统重要性评价体系和计算方法,对证券公司系统重要性进行排名和分析。研究显示:系统重要性排名TOP20的证券公司总资产合计占全行业的72。45%,未达到75%的监管要求,这说明证券业还远未达到“太大而不能倒”的程度,未来监管部门可能会推动行业内的合并重组,以提高证券行业头部机构的系统重要性。除机构规模外,证券机构间的关联性和复杂性也至关重要,应将其共同纳入我国宏观审慎监管体系,并作为证券市场宏观审慎监管框架的具体内容。对系统重要性证券机构的监管,应按照宏观审慎监管原则,明确评估方法和范围,明确监管部门职责,建立系统重要性证券机构风险监控和处理机制,将微观审慎和宏观审慎监管有效结合起来,防范系统性风险。
<<After the 19th national congress put forward the “two pillar regulatory framework”,the guiding opinions on improving the supervision of systemically important financial institutions proposed to strengthen macro prudential supervision,defined the definition and scope of systemically important financial institutions,and stipulated the evaluation process and overall method. Combined with the regulatory requirements of documents,this report establishes the evaluation system and calculation method of the systematic importance of securities companies from the aspects of the scale,relevance,substitutability,complexity and asset realization of securities institutions,and ranks and analyzes the systematic importance of securities companies. The research shows that the total assets of the top 20 securities companies account for 72.45% of the total assets of the whole industry,which does not meet the regulatory requirements of 75%,which indicates that the securities industry is far from “big but not collapsed”. In the future,the regulatory authorities may promote the merger and reorganization in the industry to improve the systemic importance of the head institutions of the securities industry. In addition to the size of institutions,the relevance and complexity among securities institutions are also very important. They should be incorporated into China’s macro prudential supervision system and serve as the specific content of the macro prudential supervision framework of the securities market. For the supervision of systemically important securities institutions,in accordance with the principle of macro prudential supervision,we should clarify the evaluation methods and scope,clarify the responsibilities of regulatory departments,establish a risk monitoring and handling mechanism for systemically important securities institutions,effectively combine micro Prudential and macro prudential supervision to prevent systemic risks.
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