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    2021年中国证券行业发展报告

    摘要

    2020年初,面对新冠肺炎疫情冲击,党中央、国务院统筹推进疫情防控、复工复产、支持实体经济发展等各项工作,全年资本市场保持稳健发展。资本市场迎来全面深化改革第一年,制度更加健全,新《证券法》正式实施,注册制扩至创业板,IPO、交易、监管、投资者保护、中介机构责任等制度领域均迎来创新。资本市场支持实体经济发展效果明显,其中IPO融资创下近10年新高,在支持新兴科创企业发展方面更为突出,再融资规模出现复苏迹象。债券市场发行规模创历史新高,存量规模首次突破百万亿元。基金市场持续高光,首发规模创历史新高,全年爆款基金频出,公募REITs正式起步等行业亮点频现。新三板改革全面推进,精选层成功开市,股票成交额迎来增长,扭转了自2017年以来持续下降的局面,年末转板上市细则公开征求意见,未来转板上市将更加通畅。科创板市场创新制度运行良好,全年市场增容显著,科研投入比例明显高于其他板块,科研成果转化亮点闪现。并购市场活跃度降低,但随着鼓励并购政策的出台,未来服务实体经济功能将再次发挥。作为资本市场重要机构的证券公司,全年经营业绩保持增长,外资证券公司加大布局内地市场力度,竞争加剧使得行业头部效应明显,加快数字化转型成为证券公司差异化竞争的突破口。

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    Abstract

    At the beginning of 2020,in response to the impact of COVID-19,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council jointly promoted the work of epidemic prevention and control,resumed work and resumed production,and supported the development of the real economy. The capital market ushered in the first year of comprehensively deepening reform,the system was more sound,the new securities law was officially implemented,the registration system was expanded to the gem,and innovations were ushered in in IPO,trading system,regulatory system,investor protection system,intermediary responsibility system and other fields. The effect of capital market supporting the development of real economy is obvious,among which IPO Financing has reached a new high in recent 10 years,especially in supporting the development of emerging science and innovation enterprises,and the refinancing scale shows signs of recovery. The issuance scale of the bond market reached a record high,and the stock scale exceeded one million billion yuan for the first time. The fund market continued to shine at a high time,the initial scale reached a record high,and industry highlights such as the frequent emergence of burst funds throughout the year and the official start of public REITs appeared frequently. The reform of the new third board has been comprehensively promoted,the selected layer has been successfully opened,the stock turnover has increased,reversing the continuous decline since 2017. At the end of the year,the detailed rules for listing on the special board have been publicly solicited for opinions,and the listing on the special board will be more smooth in the future. The market innovation system of the science and Innovation Board operated well,the market capacity increased significantly throughout the year,the proportion of scientific research investment was significantly higher than that of other sections,and the bright spots of scientific research achievement transformation flashed. The activity of the M & a market has decreased,but with the introduction of the policies to encourage M & A,the function of serving the real economy will play again in the future. As an important institution in the capital market,the operating performance of securities companies has maintained growth throughout the year. Foreign securities companies have strengthened the layout of the mainland market,and the intensified competition has made the industry head effect obvious. Accelerating the digital transformation has become a breakthrough in the differentiated competition of securities companies.

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    作者简介
    孙国茂:孙国茂,青岛大学经济学院特聘教授、博士生导师,山东省亚太资本市场研究院院长,研究领域为公司金融、资本市场、制度经济学。
    李宗超:李宗超,山东省亚太资本市场研究院高级研究员,研究领域为证券投资、商业银行。
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