Caohai is the largest freshwater lake on the Guizhou Plateau，the Bojiwan Water-bird Breeding area is China’s first wildlife sanctuary organized by villager in the Caohai Reserve. This article introduces in detail the practice of participatory in Bojiwan Village—Progressive Projects and Village Development Fund Projects，and the support of external force，villager in Bojiwan have implemented a water-bird breeding area protection project. The main goal is long-term eco-tourism. The establishment of water-bird breeding areas fully demonstrate that local villagers’ needs for environmental protection can be transformed into effective action，which is of great significance to how to protect biodiversity in poor areas. Through the systematic review and reflection on the community protection project of the Bojiwan water-bird breeding area，the experience and lessons that can be used as reference for other publics welfare protection areas are summarized.