General Secretary Xi Jinping has entrusted Ningxia with the important task of the times to build the Yellow River basin ecological protection and high-quality development pilot area. With the construction of the pilot area，Ningxia is leading the beautiful new Ningxia and the modernization of the whole region. Ningxia unswervingly implements the new development concept and continuously improves the ecological and environmental quality and makes steady progress in high-quality development. However，there are still many problems，such as the contradiction between ecological and environmental protection and economic development，the unreasonable industrial structure and the lack of momentum for economic development. This paper proposes to focus on the strategic positioning of “five districts” and give full play to the spatial effect of the overall layout of ecological production and living of “One River，Three Mountains” and “One Belt，Three Districts” and aim at the important areas that are the first to break through，so as to make Ningxia contribution to the realization of ecological protection and high-quality development of the whole Yellow River basin.