Based on five aspects of ecological environment protection，long-term stability of the Yellow River，economical and intensive utilization of water resources，high-quality economic and social development，protection，inheritance and promotion of the Yellow River culture，this part constructs the category index of Ecological Protection and High-quality Development of the Yellow River Basin by using Entropy Weight Method. In terms of ecological environment protection，it can be divided into relatively sufficient areas，relatively moderate areas and relatively insufficient areas. In terms of the long-term stability of the Yellow River，the index shows an irregular and weak growth trend，and disaster damage faced by various provinces and regions is different，and governance and restoration is an important measure to ensure the long-term stability of the Yellow River. In terms of economical and intensive utilization of water resources，the index rises slowly，the lower reaches of the Yellow River basically belong to relatively efficient area of water resources conservation and intensive utilization，and the middle and upper reaches belong to relatively inefficient area. In terms of high-quality economic and social development，the index has made steady progress，the lower reaches of the Yellow River are the leading areas for high-quality economic and social development，and the middle and upper reaches are potential areas. In terms of protection，inheritance and promotion of the Yellow River culture，the index is lower than the national average，and the index of individual provinces and regions fluctuates greatly.