The legalization path of the reform and development of the educational supervision and governance modernization mechanism is the inevitable trend of the mode of education supervision and management under the background of the modernization of national governance and the rule of law in the new era. Its essence lies in emphasizing the centralization and administration of the traditional management form of educational supervision，tending to rule by law，de-administration and democratization，characterized by the high efficiency of multi-subject co-rule，democratic consultation，legal supervision and supervision of the governance process. With the new era of education supervision governance structure subject more and more diversified and complex，the reform and development of education supervision and governance modernization mechanism should take the concept of rule of law as the theoretical basis，the rule of law rules to support and guide，with the rule of law standards to ensure that education supervision and governance of the rights of the various subjects boundaries，emphasizing the legal supervision and implementation of the whole process of education supervision and governance activities. Specifically，the first is to improve and perfect the top-level design of educational supervision laws and regulations to ensure that there is a legal basis，the second is that educational supervision institutions abide by the rule of law provisions of legal supervision to ensure that there is law，the third is to strengthen the education supervision and governance modernization mechanism in the operation of law enforcement supervision，and the fourth is to build a modern mechanism of education supervision and governance to create a good environment.