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    2020~2021年中国核心工业软件产业链创新链竞争力分析

    摘要

    本文首先构建了工业软件产业链全景图,图中跨国巨头占据绝对优势地位,国内企业较少。全球工业软件产业生态系统呈现如下特征:寡头垄断市场格局,上下游之间密切嵌合,智能化、云化、集成化发展态势明显,行业巨头通过并购称霸全球,与国家利益高度相关。当前,中国工业软件产业规模接近2000亿元,仅占全球的7%左右;国内市场被外资企业主导,部分细分行业产品严重依赖进口;中国EDA行业市场规模增速快于全球,但外资企业占有绝对优势地位;我国企业主要集中于产业链中低端和以提供点工具为主,与国际巨头主要从事高端环节和提供全流程工具链相比差距巨大。本文分析了我国工业软件产业竞争力偏弱的原因,主要是研发投入不足,融资能力偏弱;技术积累不足,产业基础薄弱;庞大国内用户形成对国际巨头产品的依赖,国内产业生态亟待优化;人才短缺,人才流失问题严重等。最后,本文提出了相应的对策建议。

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    Abstract

    This paper first constructs a panorama of the industrial software chain,in which multinational giants occupy the absolute dominant position,with fewer domestic companies. Global industrial software industry ecosystem presents the following characteristics:oligopoly market structure,close fit between upstream and downstream,the development trend of intelligence,cloudification,and integration is obvious,industry giants dominate the world through mergers and acquisitions,highly tied to national interests. At present,the scale of China’s industrial software industry is close to 200 billion yuan,accounting for only about 7% of the global share;The domestic market is dominated by foreign enterprises,and some segments rely heavily on imports;The market scale of China’s EDA industry is growing faster than that of the world,but foreign enterprises occupy an absolute dominant position;Chinese enterprises mainly focus on the middle and low end of the industrial chain and provide point tools. Compared with international giants,which are mainly engaged in high-end links and providing full-process tool chains,there is a huge gap. This paper analyzes the reasons for the weak competitiveness of Chinese industrial software industry,mainly due to insufficient R&D investment and weak financing capacity;insufficient technology accumulation and weak industrial foundation;a large number of domestic users form dependence on the products of international giants,and the domestic industrial ecology urgently needs to be optimized;There is a shortage of talents,and the problem of brain drain is serious. Finally,the article puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

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    作者简介
    郭朝先:郭朝先,中国社会科学院工业经济研究所研究员,产业组织研究室主任,主要研究方向为产业经济、工业发展、可持续发展。
    苗雨菲:苗雨菲,中国社会科学院大学硕士研究生,主要研究方向为产业经济、工业发展。
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