In conducting research on promoting development along the Yangtze River Economic Belt，Li Wu and Zhang Hongwu，two counselors at the Counsellors’ Office of the State Council，have found that positive results have been achieved in the cleanup of agricultural non-point source pollution in the Dongting Lake Basin. However，the local community has had to grapple with such challenges a tough trade-off between ecological conservation and economic output in crop farming，difficulty in pin down on the sources of non-point source pollution，lack of robust technical norms and evaluation systems，and patchy mechanisms for monitoring and ecological compensation. The researchers put forward policy recommendations such as increasing policy and financial support，strengthening scientific and technological support for innovation in cleanup，and allowing farmers to play the principal role.