2021年财政运行情况好于2020年,同时,财政收支也承受较大压力。一般公共预算收入增速同比逐季下降,政府性基金收入压力也不小。财政支出在诸多领域的刚性决定了压缩财政支出存在种种困难。2022年经济增速放缓可能进一步加大财政收入压力。各领域改革的深入、各项新工作的开展都提出相应的财政支出需求,财政支出压力因此进一步增大。2022年中国应继续实施积极的财政政策,进一步完善宏观经济治理体制。财政政策应更加注意释放市场活力,财政支出结构优化应更好地发挥市场作用,财政应加大基础研究投入,促进关键核心技术攻关,促进良好产业生态的形成。财政政策还应在以下方面发力:进一步健全社会保障体系,促进社会共同富裕;统筹对外开放与经济安全,促进经济开放水平的进一步提升;积极防范化解地方债风险,推进财税改革,促进财政健康运行。
<<Fiscal performance in 2021 will be better than that in 2020. At the same time,fiscal revenues and expenditures are also under great pressure. The growth rate of revenue in general public budgets declined quarter by quarter,and revenue of government-managed funds also came under considerable pressure. The rigidity of fiscal expenditure in many fields determines that there are various difficulties in reducing fiscal expenditure. Slower economic growth in 2022 could further put pressure on fiscal revenue. With the deepening of reform in various fields and the launch of new work,the corresponding demand for fiscal expenditure has been put forward,and the pressure on fiscal expenditure has increased further. In 2022,China should continue to implement proactive fiscal policies and further improve its macroeconomic governance system. Fiscal policies should pay more attention to releasing the vitality of the market,optimizing the structure of fiscal expenditure should give better play to the role of the market,increase fiscal input in basic research,promote the research of key and core technologies,and promote the formation of a sound industrial ecology. The government should also make efforts in the following areas:further improve the social security system to promote common prosperity;To coordinate opening-up and economic security and promote further improvement of the level of economic opening-up;Several effective measures should be taken to forestall and defuse risks of local government debt,advance fiscal and taxation reforms,and promote the sound operation of public finance.
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