家校合作对实现青少年全面发展、建立现代学校教育制度以及促进教育公平具有重要意义。本报告基于对北京市两类初中生家庭家校联系的多个案例的比较分析,进一步探究流动家庭和城市家庭在家校联系形式、内容及效果三个维度上的差异性及其原因,探寻家校合作的改善路径。研究发现,大部分流动家庭主动联系老师的频率较低,具有临时性,联系内容的问题取向较为明显,在效果上,有限地提升学习成绩与较大的自主空间并存;多数城市家庭主动联系老师的频率较高,具有持续性,日常化互动较为明显,在效果上,较大地提升学习成绩与被削弱的自主空间并存。从科尔曼的家庭资本视角对上述差异性做出解释:家庭经济资本影响家长参与的可能性,家庭人力资本形塑家长参与的意识和能力,家庭社会资本影响家长参与的效果。对此,本报告提出如下对策建议:结合不同家庭的差异化需求,有针对性地为家长提供参与的机会;进一步推进家庭教育指导服务体系构建;从根本上提升流动人口的家庭资本水平。
<<Home-school cooperation is of great significance for the all-round development of adolescents,the establishment of modern school education system and the promotion of educational equity. Based on the multi-case comparative analysis of home-school connection between two types of junior high school students in Beijing,this report further studies the differences in the form,content and effect of home-school connection between floating families and urban families and its causes,and explores the improvement path of home-school cooperation. The results show that for most floating families,the frequency of active contact with teachers is low and temporary,and the problem orientation of contact content is obvious,and limited improvement of academic performance coexists with large independent space. In most urban families,the frequency of active contact with teachers is high and persistent,and the daily interaction is obvious,and the improvement of academic performance coexists with the weakened independent space. Explain the difference from the perspective of Coleman’s family capital:family economic capital influences the possibility of parental participation,family human capital shapes the awareness and ability of parental participation,and family social capital influences the effect of parental participation. In this regard,the report puts forward the following suggestions:combining the differentiated needs of different families,provide targeted opportunities for parents to participate;further establish and promote the family education guidance service system;raise the level of family capital of floating population fundamentally.
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