In order to have a more comprehensive understanding of child guardianship in China，this paper introduces China’s child guardianship system based on the family guardianship and supplemented by state guardianship，in combination with the Civil Code and the revised Law on the Protection of Minors. Moreover，it analyzes some cases in practice，puts forward five problems that should be paid attention to，including early detection and emergency work of guardianship infringement cases，lack of effective connection and coordination between departments，insufficient consideration of children’s true wills，lack of effective intervention of professional forces，and different judgment standards of courts. In the end，the paper puts forward specific suggestions based on the existing problems in practice，such as issuing special judicial documents，coordinating the work of various departments，giving full consideration to the true wills of children，pursuing the legal responsibility of guardians，establishing a professional legal service mechanism and giving full play to the positive role of professional social organizations，with the hope of safeguarding the legitimate rights of children.