At present，the total number and proportion of female scientific and technological talents in China are on the rise，with increasingly rich industry distribution and improved rank structure，they play an important role and make important contributions in the front line of scientific research and technopreneurship，and their academic and application achievements have increased and are increasingly recognized by the society，but there are still phenomena in female scientific and technological talents such as uneven distribution of disciplines，unsatisfactory rank structure and slightly lower achievements than men. The main factors affecting the development of female scientific and technological talents in China include：the inequality in employment and development opportunities，the special pressure brought by social roles，the restriction of unscientific gender impression and the lack of support for participating in scientific and technological innovation. To this end，the report proposes countermeasures that are conducive to the construction of China’s female scientific and technological talent under the new situation，such as providing equal opportunities for both sexes to enter and participate in scientific research，providing special support for female scientific and technological workers during pregnancy and nursing，cultivating the scientific research interests of reserve talents，increasing publicity for female scientific and technological personnel，and providing social support for the development and role of female scientific and technological talents.