This paper introduces the current development situation of social pharmacies in China，analyzes the national centralized volume-based procurement policy and the outcomes after its trial implementation，and probes into the pharmaceutical insurance payment criteria of social pharmacies under the national volume-based procurement policy on the basis of summarizing the pharmaceutical insurance payment criteria and their practice. Focus on the analysis of payment standards for pharmaceutical insurance designated social pharmacies participating in centralized procurement and non-collected drugs in designated medical insurance pharmacies. It is recommended to combine local practical and scientific means to encourage the effective exploration of the establishment of relevant payment incentive mechanisms，alliance procurement，and appropriate price increases. Realize a win-win situation of rational drug use，medical insurance control fees and pharmacy profits.