Dongguan is one of the first city in China to develop its rural economy and reform rural social governance. It is leading the country in strengthening the core leadership position of rural primary-level Party organizations，shifting the focus of social governance and services to the primary level，and promoting better management of rural collective economy. But as the situation evolves，to promote rural primary-level governance from top down，the first thing to do is address the mismatch of authority of office and financial powers between towns and villages，the development and administration gap between village groups，and the conflicts of interests between different groups within villages. It is suggested that we should learn from pilot towns and villages in merging functions，the use of government finance，linkage between rents and taxes，unified land use planning，coordinating property management and other affairs. In the next step，we should （1）promote the integrated development of collective economy in towns and villages，to provide more solid material support for rural primary-level governance，with the focus on strengthening the administration of township-level collective assets，promoting coordinated economic development of towns and villages，and straightening the interest distribution mechanism following centralized planning of land use；（2）continue to explore new reform paths to provide new proposals for rural primary-level governance，with the focus on promoting the joint-stock system and further streamlining the organizational structure of village groups；（3）continue to improve relevant systems and provide institutional support for rural primary-level governance，including improving the joint meeting mechanism，the villagers’ consultation mechanism and the policy of individual contribution to social security schemes.