This article tries to describe the current policies adopted by the authorities of Beijing and Shanghai concerning the schooling of the children of migrant workers from the standpoint of an observer. Comparatively，the new policies implemented in Shanghai have yielded significant fruits，while the authorities in Beijing have explored a number of ways to tackle the problem，the results are not so satisfactory. Although these two metropolises have secured some successes in solving the problem of the compulsory schooling of the children of migrant workers，they are still faced with a lot of difficulties and challenges. In order to enhance the overall quality of the education of the children of migrant workers，great efforts have to be made to explore new experience and adopt new measures.