During the 40 years since the establishment of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone，the population has grown from 332，900 in 1980 to 17.560，100 in 2020. However，in recent years，there have been some new trends in population growth. The growth rate of the registered population has exceeded that of the non-registered population，and the problem of population inversion has been alleviated；the quality of the population has steadily improved，and the demographic dividend and talent dividend coexist；in terms of age structure，Shenzhen is still a relatively Young cities，but affected by the birth policy and other factors，the population of children and the elderly has increased，while the working age has declined；the sex ratio of the population has continued to rise，and the demand for male labor in urban and industrial development has increased；the population distribution has been optimized and adjusted. The population growth rate outside the special zone is significantly higher than that in the original special zone. In view of the population development trend，it is necessary to vigorously strengthen the comprehensive management of the population，promote the coordinated development of population，industry，and city，and at the same time by increasing supporting measures for births，implementing high-quality industrial development strategies，building a high-quality elderly care service system，and building a friendly society for all Measures to improve population governance capabilities