Regional cooperation was an important breakthrough to solve the problem of high-quality development of Urban belt along the middle reaches of the Yellow River. Taking the urban belt along the middle reaches of the Yellow River as the research object，the effects of government cooperation in underdeveloped areas were discussed，including strengthening cooperation and co construction in the field of “public goods”，promoting win-win cooperation in the industrial field，and expanding the space for enterprise exchanges and cooperation. Based on the analysis of the natural geography，resource endowment，economic and social development of the urban belt along the middle reaches of the Yellow River，the problems of industrial development，infrastructure，ecological protection and residents’ income of the urban belt along the middle reaches of the Yellow River were summarized. On the basis of that，the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the high-quality development of urban belt along the middle reaches of the Yellow River were put forward.