The Yellow River Basin is the core region of ecological protection and economic and social development in Shaanxi. In 2020，the situation of Shaanxi’s economic was stable and progressive，and the social development was harmonious and prosperous，and the reform and innovation continued to make efforts，all of which had laid a solid foundation for the ecological protection and the high-quality development for the Yellow River Basin. In 2020，the ecological security barrier of the Yellow River Basin in Shaanxi was stronger，the protection of the Yellow River culture was paid more attention，with the relevant policy system and the promotion mechanism continuously being improved，and the interaction and cooperation inside and outside from Shaanxi province being strengthened. In the view of the existing problems in the ecological protection and economic and social development of the Yellow River Basin in Shaanxi Province，the report puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions，such as promoting the restoration and management of the ecological environment，strengthening the economical and intensive utilization of water resources，enhancing the comprehensive management of mining subsidence area，cultivating new energy for the industrial development of the cities and counties along the Yellow River，and improving the quality of cultural tourism of the yellow river continuously. In promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin in Shaanxi，the coordination of ecological protection and economic development，the systematicness of cultural heritage protection，and the sustainability of poverty risk prevention will continuously to be concerned.