Poverty alleviation is a systematic people’s livelihood project，and building good public relations is the basis for gathering poverty alleviation forces and coordinating and advancing poverty alleviation projects. This paper studies the construction of public relations involving social organizations in poverty alleviation，including the three levels of “coordination”，“integration” and “service” relationships with the public sectors，enterprise organizations，and the public. It also analyzes the problems that social organizations and the government，enterprises and the public also have ways of cooperation to be optimized，areas of cooperation to be expanded，cooperation projects to be standardized，and cooperation publicity to be strengthened；proposed to optimize partnerships，strengthen public welfare missions，adhere to intensive cultivation，and innovate cooperation models to achieve the goals of precise cooperation，empowerment cooperation，brand cooperation，and cross-border cooperation，and play a greater role in promoting the effective connection of poverty alleviation and rural vitalization.