2020 is the key year for building up a well-off society in an all-round way. China’s achievement on poverty alleviation has attracted worldwide attention. The research on public relations of poverty alleviation has important theoretical and practical significance. Summing up relevant literature，the study found that the academic circles have carried out relevant research from the perspectives of ‘subject perspective of poverty alleviation public relations’，‘object perspective’，‘practical experience’ and ‘characteristics and laws of poverty alleviation public relations.’ The existing research is rich in content，and the cases involved are vivid and specific，promoting China’s targeted poverty alleviation. It has disseminated the responsibility and achievements of Chinese governments，organizations and managers at all levels in poverty alleviation to the world，demonstrated the good image of the Chinese government，constructed the public image and discourse system corresponding to China’s development achievements，and deepened the understanding and support of domestic and foreign people for China’s poverty alleviation，creating a favorable public opinion environment for China’s further deepening reform and opening up. Some problems do exist，however. First，further research on the four confidences of socialism with Chinese characteristics based on the cause of poverty alleviation is less in quantity. Second，it is necessary to strengthen the research on public relations theory in the context of COVID-19. In future research，it is necessary to prevent the facts from being masked by the value in study of public relations theory in poverty alleviation，and adhere to the principle of ‘eliminating the false and retaining the true，telling the truth and reporting real deeds’ to tell the Chinese story well. And new research should also be related to political identity.