本报告根据2018年第三期CLASS调查中的京津冀数据研究了三地老年人的居家环境,主要围绕室内环境、室外环境、社区环境三个方面进行了分析。研究发现,京津冀地区老年人居环境存在的主要问题体现在四个方面:①三地居家老年人的屋内扶手安装率较低;②坐便器覆盖率较低;③社区无障碍环境相对较差;④河北省老年人的居家环境处于多重弱势地位。基于调查结果,笔者提出了三点对策建议:第一,以屋内安装扶手和更换坐便器为抓手,推进京津冀老年人室内环境适老化改造;第二,以楼道口无障碍通道、健身场地和设施适老化以及道路交通适老化为抓手,开展京津冀社区无障碍环境大检查;第三,将居家适老化环境建设纳入京津冀养老服务协同发展规划,着力推进三地居家适老化环境的均等化发展。
<<According to the third issue of China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey in 2018,this report studies the home environment of the elderly in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei,mainly focusing on the indoor environment,outdoor environment,community environment and smart home environment. The home environment of the elderly in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is mainly reflected in the following aspects:the installation rate of handrails in the houses of the elderly in the three places is low,the coverage rate of toilet is not high,the barrier-free environment in the community is relatively poor,the probability of the rural elderly not using the network is relatively high,and the home environment of the elderly in Hebei Province is in multiple weaknesses. Finally,based on the survey results,four countermeasures are proposed. Firstly,we should take the installation of handrails and the replacement of toilet as the starting point to promote the transformation of indoor environment for the elderly in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei. Secondly,we should carry out the inspection of barrier free environment in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei communities by focusing on the corridor entrance,fitness venues and facilities,and the road traffic. Thirdly,we should bring the construction of home-based aging environment for the aged into the collaborative development plan of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei elderly care services,and strive to promote the equalization development of home-based aging environment for the aged in the three places.
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