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    “十三五”期间广州残障者就业状况与政策发展研究

    摘要

    “十三五”期间广州残障人士就业状况获得较大改观,就业促进政策也有了长足发展,主要表现为就业模式多元化,就业服务覆盖面扩大,就业支持更充分等。通过对广州残障就业状况的深入分析,笔者发现广州残障就业仍存在整体就业参与比例较低、就业服务获得率较低、就业质量欠理想、挂靠现象依然存在等问题。此外广州残障就业政策发展仍存在挑战:按比例就业的激励措施和岗位支持不足,支持性就业服务覆盖面和受益群体较为局限,辅助性就业支持和人员配比有待完善,个体就业创业渠道和支持形式较少,就业辅导员队伍有待进一步发展,就业培训系统性与岗位衔接不足,就业导向型的社会企业缺乏政策支持等。结合残障事业“十四五”发展新要求,建议加大按比例就业的激励措施,发挥社会组织力量大力发展支持性就业,支持新型集中就业形式的探索,强化辅助性就业功能,多元促进个体就业创业,加强就业辅导员队伍建设以及促进个性化的职业培训体系发展。

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    Abstract

    During the “13th Five-Year Plan” period,the employment situation of the disabled in Guangzhou has been greatly improved,and employment promotion policies have also made great progress,which is mainly manifested in diversified employment modes,wider coverage of employment services,and more adequate employment support. Through an in-depth investigation of the employment situation of the disabled in Guangzhou,we find that there are still some deficiencies,such as low enthusiasm of employing the disabled by employers,insufficient auxiliary employment support,lack of systematic connection between employment training and posts,and low rate of employment service. In addition,there are still challenges in the development of employment policies for persons with disabilities in Guangzhou:proportional job incentives and support are insufficient,supportive employment service coverage and benefit groups are relatively limited,auxiliary support and employment personnel ratio remains to be perfect,channels and forms of support for individual employment and entrepreneurship are few,employment counselor team needs further development,career-oriented social enterprises lack policy support,etc. Combining with disabilities development in the “14th Five-Year Plan” request,the author suggests expanding employment incentives in proportion,tap potential of social organizations to support employment,support new employment centralized form of exploration,strengthen the auxiliary function of employment,multivariately promote individual employment entrepreneurship,strengthen employment counselor team construction and promote the development of personalized vocational training system.

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    作者简介
    廖慧卿:廖慧卿,博士,华南农业大学公共管理学院副教授,哈佛大学访问学者,研究方向为残障权利与社会政策。
    张苑仪:张苑仪,华南农业大学社会工作2020级硕士研究生。
    黄寅森:黄寅森,华南农业大学社会工作2020级硕士研究生。
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