The energy system is the main battlefield for achieving carbon neutrality. According to China’s ambition of determined contributions，a roadmap for achieving carbon neutrality in the energy system needs to be scientifically designed. On the one hand，digital transformation and development of energy system should be promoted in the system of digital China and digital economy，and the digital energy system should be constructed to improve the observability of carbon control in the energy system. On the other hand，we should give full play to the dual regulation of energy data on both the supply side and demand side of energy and construct the energy data market to improve the controllability of the carbon control in the energy system. On this basis，we should scientifically control the balance process of carbon sources and carbon sinks in economies of different spatial scales，forge the superiorities of energy drives，address the inferiorities of data drives，and promote the robustness of carbon control in energy system to demonstrate a new look of energy-driven and data-driven carbon neutrality，and to construct a new pattern of carbon governance that integrates carbon technology，carbon finance and carbon market.