改革开放至今,以家族企业为主体的民营经济经历了从无到有、从小到大的发展历程,直至今天其在国民经济中已占有重要地位。家族企业作为民营经济中“关键的多数”,在填补市场空缺、解决农村和城市富余劳动力就业问题、启蒙市场经济观念等方面起到了不可替代的作用,被学者称为“中国经济奇迹背后的隐形发动机”。然而,与国外家族企业相比,中国的家族企业还很年轻,面临着缺乏应急接班机制、家族与企业不分、年轻一代的接班意愿不强和遴选职业经理人风险等传承风险以及企业转型等诸多问题。然而,一些中国的家族企业在经济浪潮与时代更迭中做好了传承与转型工作,成为享誉全国的“百年企业”,如李锦记、匹克集团、方太集团、均瑶集团等。站在新的历史起点上,家族企业应利用好年轻一代传承接班的契机,向现代企业管理制度转型,提升科技含量和产品附加值,主动承担非强制性的社会责任,谋求可持续发展,以更好地顺应新常态下经济发展的新趋势,代代传承。
<<Starting from scratch,then expanding from small to big,private economy which mainly based on family enterprises has played an important role in national economy since the economic reform and open-up until today. As the “key majority” in the private economy,family enterprises are irreplaceable in occupying market vacancies,solving the employment problems of surplus labor in rural and urban areas,and bringing enlightenment to the concept of market economy;they are acknowledged as “the invisible engine behind China’s economic miracle” by scholars. However,compared with foreign family enterprises,those in China are still young in age and lack in succession mechanisms in emergency,ambiguities between “family” and “enterprise”,descending willingness of younger generations to take over and the risk of selecting professional managers,as well as corporate transformation,etc.;in case when COVID-pandemic and economic slowdown become normal phenomena,the situation is even more unpromising. There are still a number of China’s family enterprises,such as LEE KUM KEE,Peak Sport Group,Fotile Group and JuneYao Group,have managed their way in corporate succession and transformation under the influences of the economic tides and changes of times,and become centennial enterprises with national reputation. On a new starting point in history,family enterprises should make good use of the opportunities of succession to younger generation,in order to manage the transition to a modern enterprise management system,to enhance both technology content and added value of products,to actively commit to voluntary social responsibilities,as well as to seek for sustainable development,so as to be always adaptive to new economic trends and carry on from generation to generation.
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