Since promulgated by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in 2003，the strategy of revitalizing the old industrial bases in the northeast region has produced remarkable results as Northeast China has cultivated new drivers of economic growth through industrial restructuring，innovative development，investment promotion and technology upgrades. However，the northeast region is still facing various difficulties in the process of transition from a planned economy dominated by resources，energy and heavy industries to a socialist market economy. Problems such as exhaustion of resources，heavy burden on enterprises，sluggish investment and brain drain have seriously hindered the reform and development of the northeast region. Proposed by General Secretary Xi Jinping in 2013，the “Belt and Road” Initiative is a major strategy of China to develop an export-oriented economy and further integrate with the world. It not only has a positive impact globally，but also injects new impetus to China’s regional economic development by creating new opportunities for underdeveloped border provinces and regions to strengthen opening up and cooperation，expand development space，attract domestic and foreign investment，and accelerate industrial transformation. In recent years，the implementation of key “Belt and Road” projects has given a new driving force for the transformation and innovation of the old industrial bases in the northeast region，which is of great significance to the comprehensive revitalization of Northeast China.