Based on the coexistence of food waste and thrift，the difference between festival diet and daily diet，the contradiction between traditional diet and modern diet，with the sample survey，historical data and realistic data of local eating habits and frugal habits as the research materials，it is of great economic value，political value and cultural value orientation to analyze the habit of frugality and the outlook on health in Chinese cultural tradition. From two aspects of Chinese cultural tradition and dietary nutrition theory，this paper traces the theoretical origin of the habit of frugality in diet and the outlook on health. Compared with the international action against food waste，this paper analyzes the inheritance and transformation of the concept of frugality on food and the outlook on health in the realistic context. Looking into the future，there should be laws to abide by in the governance of food waste，the traditional Chinese habit of frugality on food should be inherited steadily，and the institutional system should be made to prevent food waste.