Currently，the international system is undergoing profound changes. With the intensification of China-US strategic game，international politics is returning to the era of great power competition. As a rapidly rising global power，China is not only the most active factor influencing the change of international relations，but also injects powerful momentum into the restructuring of the world pattern. At the same time，the changes in the external environment are reshaping the relationship between other members of the international community and China，thus redefining China’s international identity. As the “regional strategy” of China’s national strategy and international strategy，Africa’s position in it has not changed. However，with the adjustment of US policy towards China at the strategic level and the change of China’s external environment and international situation，the importance of Africa’s fundamental position in China’s overall diplomacy has become more prominent. The focus of China’s engagement in Africa together with its priority demand for Africa should also be adjusted against the background that the US is stepping up to repair its relations with allies to consolidate its diplomatic “base” and trying to reshape its world leadership through the construction of the “global alliance of democratic countries”，especially trying to introduce big power competition into Africa through “value identity”，thus squeezing China’s diplomatic space. In a transitional environment，in addition to expanding and safeguarding China’s interests in Africa，China’s engagement in Africa also needs to cooperate with the strategic actions of China’s overall diplomacy plan.