During the 13th-five-year-plan period，the prevention and control of acute infectious diseases in China was standardized and efficient，the emergency medical rescue of public emergencies was timely and effective，the health emergency system and capacity building were steadily advanced，and the theoretical research of health emergency management was continuously deepened. In 2020，China’s public health emergency management has accumulated important experience in the practice of epidemic prevention and control in COVID-19，such as joint prevention and control mechanism，group prevention and control strategy，risk classification management，the opening of shelter hospitals and the application of big data technology. At the same time，the epidemic prevention and control also reflects that there are still shortcomings and deficiencies in China’s major epidemic prevention and control system and public health emergency management system，which should be further improved from the following aspects：perfecting public health emergency management laws and regulations，reforming and perfecting disease prevention and control system，strengthening monitoring，early warning and emergency response capabilities，improving the major epidemic treatment system，giving full play to the supporting role of science and technology in the prevention and control of major epidemics，improving the medical insurance and rescue system for major diseases，and improving the unified emergency material guarantee system.