该文论述了我国由以“单位制”为主、“街居制”为辅的城市基层社会管理体制转型为“社区制”的主要社会原因、社区制转型的历史脉络,并且重点分析了与街居制比较后的社区制特点。作者认为,经过30年的发展,我国城市的社区制已完全取代了街居制,并且形成了社区内多种组织并存的局面,这些组织开始初步形成了合作共治的机制。但是,也仍然存在一些需要克服的不足,即社区治理主体缺少多元性、管理手段仍多采用强制性的行政手段、社区NGO缺乏、社区成员参与社区活动和行使民主权利的渠道和平台不多等。今后的发展应更多地体现其居民自治组织的特点,进一步淡化其政府的行政色彩。
<<The paper discusses the main reasons and history of the change to the Community system,and analyses the features of this system comparing with the Jie-Ju (the Street-Office and Residents Committee) system. The paper holds that during the development of 30 years,the Community system substituted the Jie-Ju system completely,and came to be a situation of many residential organizations in the community,these organizations began to build a mechanism of cooperative governance initially. But there are some shortcomings to overcome:Principal part of community governance lack diversities,leaders still use forced administrative means to manage,a few NGO’s is in communities,residents have a little opportunities and ways to participate in public activities and to fulfill their democratic rights.
In future,its autonomous trend should be developed more,and governmental dimensions should be limited.
<<