Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China，social work has assumed more and more responsibilities in social service and social governance in China. How to further stimulate the vitality of social work and give full play to the role of social work has become an important issue in China’s social development and governance. In particular，when faced with social risks brought by technological innovation，population migration and epidemic diseases，how can social work play a professional and timely role in strengthening and replenishing weak links in government work，improving the living conditions of vulnerable groups，enhancing the effectiveness of community services，preventing and controlling social risks and maintaining social stability？Taking individual and organizational professional practices of social workers in COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control in 2020 as a case study，this paper aims to straighten out and analyze the theoretical methods and intervention paths of social work in participating in major public health events from the perspective of social governance.