Emerging industries of strategic importance are knowledge-intensive industries and have great potential to promote the replacement of old industries with new ones. However，after nearly a decade of policy promotion，in the face of sudden trade frictions and increasingly fierce international competition，China’s capacity for indigenous innovation in emerging industries of strategic importance has not reached its original expectations，and its capacity for scientific and technological innovation is still large but insufficient，and its key core technologies are highly dependent on the outside world. This report designs the measure indicators of emerging industry of strategic importance from the four dimensions of innovation openness，speed，frequency and level to conduct an empirical analysis on the evolution rule of it. We found the heterogeneity between indigenous innovation for emerging industries of strategic importance and innovation performance. On this basis，this paper has compiled and measured the incentive policy index of emerging industry of strategic importance in various provinces of China，and found out the policy reasons for the lack of indigenous innovation ability of emerging industries of strategic importance，so as to provide reference for the government to give full play to the role of policy incentive.