In the face of the challenge of vocational education academic quality monitoring，Guangzhou has carried out the research and practice of “Basic Ability Evaluation of Secondary Vocational School Students”（referred to as basic ability evaluation） in the major of automobile application and maintenance in secondary vocational schools. As a new monitoring tool，basic ability evaluation can explore effective monitoring of vocational school academic quality. The report analyzes the whole city and school cases with 2019 experimental data，analyzes the status of the students’ academic quality from a new perspective，points out some problems of low level of “thinking structure” index with high degree of recognition and participation，puts forward some suggestions for taking the city-level teaching instruction program as the basis to pay attention to the allocation of school teaching equipment and continue to carry out the idea of combining work and learning to improve the classroom teaching method. It provides feedback learning effect and calibration of talent training methods an effective path.