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谢伏瞻
    中国社会科学院学部委员,学部主席团主席,研究员,博士生导师。历任中国社会科学院院长、党组书记,国务院发展中心副主... 详情>>
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李培林
    男,汉族,出生于1955年5月,山东济南人,博士,研究员,全国人民代表大会社会建设委员会副主任委员,中国社会科学... 详情>>

    2019~2020年中国区域税收发展报告

    摘要

    受新冠肺炎疫情、减税降费双重影响,以及经济运行下滑等多因素共同作用,2020年中国各区域税收收入同比下降是必然的,也是符合客观实际的。随着疫情的过去以及减税降费政策的刺激,中国经济将逐渐恢复增长,2021年税收及经济发展逐步开始好转。结合中共中央、国务院提出的深化税收体制改革的五大方面的内容,本报告建议以“完善直接税制度并逐步提高其比重”为税制改革突破口,完善涉企税制,回应增值税、企业所得税等降税率诉求;以“部分品目消费税征收环节后移”为消费税改革切入点,优先考虑汽车、成品油等品目,适当扩大征收范围;以“建立和完善综合与分类相结合的个人所得税制度”为个人所得税改革的指引,继续推进个人所得税改革;以“稳妥推进房地产税立法”为依据,深入研究房地产税征收的理论和法律依据;以“健全地方税体系,调整完善地方税税制,培育壮大地方税税源,稳步扩大地方税管理权”为划分央地收入的指南,继续完善分税制财政体制改革,确立地方税主体税种。

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    Abstract

    Affected by the epidemic situation of COVID-19,the reduction of taxes and fees,as well as the decline of economic operation and other factors,the year-on-year decline of tax revenue in various regions of China in 2020 is inevitable and in line with the objective reality. With the passing of the epidemic and the stimulation of the policy of reducing taxes and fees,China’s economy will gradually return to growth,and tax revenue and economic development will gradually begin to improve in 2021. Combined with the five major aspects of deepening the reform of the tax system put forward by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council,this report puts forward the following suggestions:Take “perfecting the direct tax system and gradually increasing its proportion” as a breakthrough in tax reform,improve the enterprise-related tax system,and respond to demands for lower tax rates such as value-added tax and enterprise income tax. Take the “backward collection of some items of consumption tax” as the starting point for the reform of consumption tax,give priority to the items such as automobiles and oil products suggested by the deputies and committee members,and appropriately expand the scope of collection. Continue to promote the reform of individual income tax under the guidance of “establishing and perfecting a comprehensive and classified individual income tax system”. Make an in-depth study of the theoretical and legal basis of real estate tax on the basis of “steadily promoting the legislation of real estate tax”. Take “perfecting the local tax system,adjusting and perfecting the local tax system,cultivating and strengthening the source of local tax,steadily expanding the management power of local tax” as the guide for the division of central and local revenue,continue to improve the reform of the tax-sharing financial system,and establish the main types of local taxes.

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    作者简介
    李为人:李为人,中国社会科学院大学商学院副院长、税务硕士教育中心主任、税收政策与治理研究中心主任,主要研究方向为税收理论与政策、产业税收政策等。
    付广军:付广军,国家税务总局税收科学研究所学术委员会副主任、研究员,主要研究方向为税收与宏观经济分析等。
    韩莉:韩莉,经济学博士,中国社会科学院大学商学院教师,主要研究方向为宏观调控与财政金融政策协调配合等。
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