美国是世界现代设计产业规模和设计创新第一大国,其设计追求实用性质的商业主义,设计风格多元化。基于美国成熟的产学研体系,美国工业设计的发展一直以来都是国际工业设计的标杆,但2020年的这次新冠肺炎疫情暴露了美国在医疗器械产业、实体工业方面的不足。本文主要从美国工业设计政策支持力度、设计组织、工业设计教育等方面概述美国工业设计发展现状,就近年来美国工业设计的热点问题对未来趋势进行分析。总体上看,虽然在5G技术上略有落后,但美国在工业互联网、人工智能、智能制造、新材料、生态设计等领域都仍处于全球领先地位。从现在美国逆全球化的“再工业化”措施上看,未来美国必将在工业设计与互联网、人工智能相结合的新产业上加大投入,主要体现为逆全球化实体工业回归美国本土、后疫情时代加大对医疗器械设计的投入力度、以马斯克为代表的创新设计企业异军突起等。
<<The United States is the world’s largest modern design industry in terms of scale and design innovation. Its design pursues practical commercialism,and its design style is diversified. Based on the mature “industries,universities and research institutes” system in the United States,the development of American industrial design has always been the benchmark of international industrial design. But the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in 2020 exposed the deficiencies of the United States in medical devices and physical industries. This paper summarizes the development status of American industrial design from the aspects of national policy,design organization and industrial design education. This paper analyzes the future trends from the hot issues of American industrial design in recent years. On the whole,although it lags slightly behind in 5G technology,the United States still leads the world in industrial internet,artificial intelligence,intelligent manufacturing,new materials,ecological design and other fields. From the current anti-globalization “reindustrialization” measures in the United States,in the future,the United States will increase investment in new industries that combine industrial design with Internet and artificial intelligence,mainly reflected in the return of anti-globalization real industry to the United States,the weakness of medical device design in the post-pandemic era,and the emergence of innovative design enterprises represented by Musk.
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